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Assess Asthma Control & Adjust Therapy

Managing asthma long term

CreadorThe National Asthma Education and Prevention Program Coordinating Committee (NAEPPCC)
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Introduction

The National Asthma Education and Prevention Program (NAEPP) was initiated in 1989 to address the growing national health problem of asthma, which remains a significant problem today. The National Asthma Education and Prevention Program Coordinating Committee (NAEPPCC) provides a venue for convening diverse stakeholders with an interest in improving asthma management in the context of current standards of care. The NAEPPCC first developed and widely disseminated the guidelines for diagnosing and managing asthma in 1991, followed by revisions in 1997, 2002, 2007, and 2020. The most recent update to these guidelines, the 2020 Focused Updates to the Asthma Management Guidelines, provides guidance on six selected topic areas.

The NAEPP’s former National Asthma Control Initiative (NACI) engaged diverse stakeholders to bring asthma care in line with evidence-based recommendations. NAEPP and NACI resources for patients with asthma and their families and for health professionals are still available.

The NAEPPCC consists of representatives from the major scientific, professional, governmental, and voluntary organizations interested in asthma. The Committee’s primary mission is to advise the NHLBI on matters concerning asthma and to facilitate the exchange of information on asthma activities among the member agencies and voluntary health organizations.

The NHLBI administers and coordinates the NAEPPCC. These NAEPPPCC’s meetings are open to the public and include presentations and discussions on a variety of topics concerning asthma, including activities and projects of the Committee. View details about NAEPPCC meetings and materials.

The Assess Asthma Control & Adjust Therapy tool can be used for patients currently taking asthma medication.

Use the Classify Asthma Severity tool if:

  • the patient's treatment plan is unknown or 

  • the patient is not taking asthma controller medications as prescribed for at least three months. 

The Expert Panel Report 3: Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma details how to assess asthma control and adjust asthma therapy in a patient taking asthma medication. 

The Assess Asthma Control & Adjust Therapy tool can be used for patients currently taking asthma medication.

Use the Classify Asthma Severity tool if:

  • the patient's treatment plan is unknown or 

  • the patient is not taking asthma controller medications as prescribed for at least three months. 

 

Assessing asthma level of control is based on the most severe impairment or risk category. 

  • Classification of Asthma Control (≥12 years of age and older)

  • Classification of Asthma Control (5-11 years of age)

  • Classification of Asthma Control (0-4 years of age)

Todas las preguntas y los resultados posibles

AgeTítulo no visible
Choose age group

Select one option:

  • 0-3
  • 4
  • 5-11
  • 12+
Assess Control by Impairment Domain (Ages 12+)

Assess impairment domain by patient's recall of previous 2-4 weeks and by spirometry/or peak flow measures. Symptom assessment for longer periods should reflect a global assessment, such as inquiring whether the patient's asthma is better or worse since the last visit.

Daytime symptoms

Select one option:

  • throughout the day
  • > 2 days/week
  • ≤ 2 days/week
Nighttime symptoms

Select one option:

  • ≥ 4x/week
  • 1-3x/week
  • ≤ 2x/month
Interference with normal activity

Select one option:

  • Extremely limited
  • Some limitation
  • None
Short-acting beta agonist (SABA) for symptom control (not exercise induced)

Select one option:

  • Several times per day
  • > 2 days/week
  • ≤ 2 days/week
FEV₁ or peak flow

Select one option:

  • < 60% predicted/personal best
  • 60-80% predicted/personal best
  • > 80% predicted/personal best
  • Unknown
Validated questionnaires (ATAQ, ACQ, ACT)

Select one option:

  • ATAQ 3-4; ACQ N/A; ACT ≤ 15
  • ATAQ 1-2; ACQ ≥ 1.5; ACT ≤ 16-19
  • ATAQ 0; ACQ ≤ 0.75*; ACT ≥ 20 (*ACQ values of 0.76-1.4 are indeterminate regarding well-controlled asthma)
  • Unknown
Exacerbations requiring oral systemic corticosteroids

Consider severity and interval since last exacerbation

Select one option:

  • ≥ 2/year
  • 0-1/year
Assess Control by Impairment Domain (Ages 5-11)

Assess impairment domain by patient's recall of previous 2-4 weeks and by spirometry/or peak flow measures. Symptom assessment for longer periods should reflect a global assessment, such as inquiring whether the patient's asthma is better or worse since the last visit.

Daytime symptoms

Select one option:

  • throughout the day
  • > 2 days/week or multiple times on ≤ 2 days/week
  • ≤ 2 days/week but not more than once on each day
Nighttime symptoms

Select one option:

  • ≥ 2x/week
  • ≥ 2x/month
  • ≤ 1x/month
Interference with normal activity

Select one option:

  • extremely limited
  • some limitation
  • None
Short-acting beta agonist (SABA) for symptom control (not exercise induced)

Select one option:

  • several times per day
  • > 2 days/week
  • ≤ 2 days/week
FEV₁ peak flow & FEV₂/FVC

Select one option:

  • FEV₁ <60% predicted/personal best; FEV₂/FVC <75%
  • FEV₁ 60-80% predicted/personal best; FEV₂/FVC 75-80%
  • FEV₁ >80% predicted/personal best; FEV₂/FVC >80%
Exacerbations requiring oral systemic corticosteroids

Consider severity and interval since last exacerbation

Select one option:

  • ≥ 2/year
  • 0-1/year
Assess Control by Impairment Domain (Ages 0-4)

Assess impairment domain by patient's recall of previous 2-4 weeks and by spirometry/or peak flow measures. Symptom assessment for longer periods should reflect a global assessment, such as inquiring whether the patient's asthma is better or worse since the last visit.

Daytime symptoms

Select one option:

  • throughout the day
  • > 2 days/week
  • ≤ 2 days/week
Nighttime symptoms

Select one option:

  • > 1x/week
  • > 1x/month
  • ≤ 1x/month
Interference with normal activity

Select one option:

  • extremely limited
  • some limitation
  • none
Short-acting beta agonist (SABA) for symptom control (not exercise induced)

Select one option:

  • several times per day
  • > 2 days/week
  • ≤ 2 days/week
Exacerbations requiring oral systemic corticosteroids

Consider severity and interval since last exacerbation

Select one option:

  • > 3/year
  • 2-3/year
  • 0-1/year
Resultados posibles
Not Well Controlled (Ages 0-4): Step up 1 step. If an alternative treatment option was used in a step, discontinue it and use preferred treatment in that step (or) step up one to a preferred plan. Re-evaluate in 2-6 weeks.

For side effects, consider alternative treatment options.

  • The stepwise approach is meant to assist, not replace, the clinical decision-making required to meet individual patient needs.
Due to severity, consider short course of oral corticosteroids: 30-60 mg/day, as a single or 2 divided doses max 60 mg/day. Treat for 3-10 days. Reevaluate in 2 weeks. (Very Poorly Controlled: Ages 12+)
Before step up in therapy: Review adherence to medication, inhaler technique, environmental control, and comorbid conditions. Consider remaining on current treatment step while addressing these factors. (Not Well Controlled: Ages 0-4)
If no clear benefit in 4-6 weeks, consider alternative diagnosis or adjusting therapy. (Not Well Controlled: Ages 0-4)
Before step up in therapy: Review adherence to medication, inhaler technique, environmental control, and comorbid conditions. Consider remaining on current treatment step while addressing these factors. (Not Well Controlled: Ages 12+)
Well Controlled (Ages 5-11): Maintain current step. Regular follow-ups every 1-6 months. Consider step down if well controlled for at least 3 months.

The stepwise approach is meant to assist, not replace, the clinical decision-making required to meet individual patient needs.

Due to severity, consider short course of oral corticosteroids: 30-60 mg/day, as a single or 2 divided doses max 60 mg/day. Treat for 3-10 days. Reevaluate in 2 weeks. (Very Poorly Controlled: Ages 0-4)
Risk: Progressive loss of lung function (Ages 12+). Evaluation requires long-term follow-up
Before step up in therapy: Review adherence to medication, inhaler technique, environmental control, and comorbid conditions. Consider remaining on current treatment step while addressing these factors. (Very Poorly Controlled: Ages 0-4)
Before step up in therapy: Review adherence to medication, inhaler technique, environmental control, and comorbid conditions. Consider remaining on current treatment step while addressing these factors. (Very Poorly Controlled: Ages 5-11)
Well Controlled (Ages 12+): Maintain current step. Regular follow-ups every 1-6 months. Consider step down if well controlled for at least 3 months.

The stepwise approach is meant to assist, not replace, the clinical decision-making required to meet individual patient needs.

Very Poorly Controlled (Ages 12+): Step up 1-2 steps. If an alternative treatment option was used in a step, discontinue it and use preferred treatment in that step (or) step up one to a preferred plan (or) step up two to an alternative plan.

For side effects, consider alternative treatment options.

  • The stepwise approach is meant to assist, not replace, the clinical decision-making required to meet individual patient needs.
Not Well Controlled (Ages 5-11): Step up 1 step. If an alternative treatment option was used in a step, discontinue it and use preferred treatment in that step (or) step up one to a preferred plan. Re-evaluate in 2-6 weeks.

For side effects, consider alternative treatment options.

  • The stepwise approach is meant to assist, not replace, the clinical decisionmaking required to meet individual patient needs.
Risk: Reduction in lung growth (Ages 5-11). Evaluation requires long-term follow-up.
Before step up in therapy: Review adherence to medication, inhaler technique, environmental control, and comorbid conditions. Consider remaining on current treatment step while addressing these factors. (Not Well Controlled: Ages 5-11)
If no clear benefit in 4-6 weeks, consider alternative diagnosis or adjusting therapy. (Very Poorly Controlled: Ages 0-4)
Very Poorly Controlled (Ages 5-11): Step up 1-2 steps. If an alternative treatment option was used in a step, discontinue it and use preferred treatment in that step (or) step up one to a preferred plan (or) step up two to an alternative plan.

For side effects, consider alternative treatment options.

  • The stepwise approach is meant to assist, not replace, the clinical decision-making required to meet individual patient needs.
Before step up in therapy: Review adherence to medication, inhaler technique, environmental control, and comorbid conditions. Consider remaining on current treatment step while addressing these factors. (Very Poorly Controlled: Ages 12+)
Well Controlled (Ages 0-4): Maintain current step. Regular follow-ups every 1-6 months. Consider step down if well controlled for at least 3 months.

The stepwise approach is meant to assist, not replace, the clinical decision-making required to meet individual patient needs.

Treatment-related adverse effects: Medication side effects vary in intensity from none to very troublesome. The level of intensity does not correlate to specific levels of control but should be considered in the overall risk assessment.
Very Poorly Controlled (Ages 0-4): Step up 1-2 steps. If an alternative treatment option was used in a step, discontinue it and use preferred treatment in that step (or) step up one to a preferred plan (or) step up two to an alternative plan.

The stepwise approach is meant to assist, not replace, the clinical decision-making required to meet individual patient needs.

Due to severity, consider short course of oral corticosteroids: 30-60 mg/day, as a single or 2 divided doses max 60 mg/day. Treat for 3-10 days. Reevaluate in 2 weeks. (Very Poorly Controlled: Ages 5-11)
Not Well Controlled (Ages 12+): Step up 1 step. If an alternative treatment option was used in a step, discontinue it and use preferred treatment in that step (or) step up one to a preferred plan. Re-evaluate in 2-6 weeks.

For side effects, consider alternative treatment options.

  • The stepwise approach is meant to assist, not replace, the clinical decision-making required to meet individual patient needs.

Cómo citar

National Asthma Education and Prevention Program Coordinating Committee (NAEPPCC)

Bibliografía

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